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<span class=mb-[2px]><a href=#/projects/NAS/index.md class="text-lg hover:text-primary-500" rel="noopener noreferrer" target=_blank title="Edit content"><span class="inline-block align-text-bottom"><span class="relative block icon"><svg height="1em" viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path fill="currentColor" d="M441 58.9 453.1 71c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6.0 33.9L424 134.1 377.9 88 407 58.9c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9.0zM209.8 256.2 344 121.9 390.1 168 255.8 302.2c-2.9 2.9-6.5 5-10.4 6.1L186.9 325l16.7-58.5c1.1-3.9 3.2-7.5 6.1-10.4zM373.1 25 175.8 222.2c-8.7 8.7-15 19.4-18.3 31.1l-28.6 1e2c-2.4 8.4-.1 17.4 6.1 23.6s15.2 8.5 23.6 6.1l1e2-28.6c11.8-3.4 22.5-9.7 31.1-18.3L487 138.9c28.1-28.1 28.1-73.7.0-101.8L474.9 25C446.8-3.1 401.2-3.1 373.1 25zM88 64C39.4 64 0 103.4.0 152V424c0 48.6 39.4 88 88 88H360c48.6.0 88-39.4 88-88V312c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24s-24 10.7-24 24V424c0 22.1-17.9 40-40 40H88c-22.1.0-40-17.9-40-40V152c0-22.1 17.9-40 40-40H2e2c13.3.0 24-10.7 24-24s-10.7-24-24-24H88z"/></svg></span></span></a></span></div><div class="flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center"></div><div class="flex flex-row flex-wrap items-center"></div></div><div class=max-w-prose><div class="flex author"><img class="!mt-0 !mb-0 h-24 w-24 rounded-full me-4" width=96 height=96 alt=Michael src=../../me/wampyDance_hu_9755a36fc051c5d4.gif data-zoom-src=../../me/wampyDance_hu_1961b32b8fcd82d8.gif><div class=place-self-center><div class="text-[0.6rem] uppercase leading-3 text-neutral-500 dark:text-neutral-400">Author</div><div class="font-semibold leading-6 text-neutral-800 dark:text-neutral-300">Michael</div><div class="text-sm text-neutral-700 dark:text-neutral-400">some dude that works on datacenters, plays guitar, streams, has a lot of side projects and unhealthy addiction to ow</div><div class="text-2xl sm:text-lg"></div></div></div><div class=mb-5></div></div></header><div class="single-post-wrapper relative mt-8 w-full max-w-7xl mx-auto px-4"><aside id=sidebar-toc class="w-full mb-8 xl:mb-0"><div class="toc sticky top-24"><details open id=TOCView class="toc-right mt-0 overflow-y-auto overscroll-contain bf-scrollbar rounded-lg -ms-5 ps-5 pe-2 block lg:block"><summary class="block py-1 text-lg font-semibold cursor-pointer bg-neutral-100 text-neutral-800 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:bg-neutral-700 dark:text-neutral-100 lg:hidden">Table of Contents</summary><div id=TableOfContents class="min-w-[220px] py-2 border-dotted border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600"><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#what-is-a-nas>What is a NAS?</a></li><li><a href=#truenas>TrueNAS</a><ul><li><a href=#why-i-switched>Why I switched</a></li><li><a href=#why-truenas>Why TrueNAS</a></li><li><a href=#refurbished-drives>Refurbished Drives</a></li><li><a href=#safely-copying-files>Safely copying files</a></li><li><a href=#how-to-connect-to-a-nas>How to connect to a NAS</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></details><details class="toc-inside mt-0 overflow-hidden rounded-lg -ms-5 ps-5 lg:hidden"><summary class="py-1 text-lg font-semibold cursor-pointer bg-neutral-100 text-neutral-800 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:bg-neutral-700 dark:text-neutral-100 lg:hidden">Table of Contents</summary><div class="py-2 border-dotted border-neutral-300 border-s-1 -ms-5 ps-5 dark:border-neutral-600"><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><a href=#what-is-a-nas>What is a NAS?</a></li><li><a href=#truenas>TrueNAS</a><ul><li><a href=#why-i-switched>Why I switched</a></li><li><a href=#why-truenas>Why TrueNAS</a></li><li><a href=#refurbished-drives>Refurbished Drives</a></li><li><a href=#safely-copying-files>Safely copying files</a></li><li><a href=#how-to-connect-to-a-nas>How to connect to a NAS</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></div></details></div></aside><section id=main-content class=w-full><div class="article-content prose dark:prose-invert mx-auto"><h2 class="relative group">What is a NAS?<div id=what-is-a-nas class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#what-is-a-nas aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h2><p>A Network Attached Storage (NAS) device is essentially a small, self-contained
computer that&rsquo;s designed solely for storing and sharing files. Think of it as
your own personal cloud storage, but instead of relying on a third-party
service, you own and control the hardware.</p><p>Here&rsquo;s why someone might use a NAS:</p><ul><li><strong>Centralized Storage:</strong> A NAS provides a single location to store all your
files - documents, photos, videos, music, etc. This makes it easy to access
your data from any device on your network.</li><li><strong>File Sharing:</strong> NAS devices make it simple to share files between multiple
users and devices. This is great for families who want to share photos and
videos, or for small businesses who need to collaborate on documents.</li><li><strong>Backup and Redundancy:</strong> Many NAS devices offer features like automatic
backups and RAID configurations, which help protect your data from hard drive
failures.</li><li><strong>Media Streaming:</strong> NAS devices can be used to stream media files (movies,
music) to devices throughout your home, like smart TVs, game consoles, and
mobile devices.</li><li><strong>Remote Access:</strong> Some NAS devices allow you to access your files remotely
over the internet, so you can retrieve important documents or share photos
even when you&rsquo;re away from home.</li></ul><p>Essentially, a NAS is a versatile and convenient way to manage and share your
digital data. It offers more control and privacy than cloud storage services,
and it can be a valuable tool for both individuals and businesses.</p><hr><h2 class="relative group">TrueNAS<div id=truenas class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#truenas aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h2><p>TrueNAS is an Open Source NAS operating System / infrastructure solution. In
addition to powerful scale-out storage capabilities, TrueNAS SCALE adds Linux
Containers and VMs (KVM) so your organization can run workloads closer to data.</p><h3 class="relative group">Why I switched<div id=why-i-switched class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#why-i-switched aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h3><p>Recently I switched over to TrueNas from my off the shelf
<a href=https://shop.terra-master.com/products/terramaster-f5-422-10gbe-nas-5-bay-network-storage-server-intel-quad-core-cpu-with-hardware-encryption-diskless target=_blank rel=noreferrer>Terramaster</a>
device. I actually really liked the Terramaster, it allowed a 5 drive pool with
raid 1 on a BTRFS filesystem. Which meant it was easy to upgrade the drives from
2TB &ndash;> 6TB giving me a decent ~24TB size pool <em>(one drive as parity)</em>. I got
this originally so that I could safely back up my data and store my 10TB+ of VOD
recordings from the Live Stream & Youtube. The Terramaster had some pretty big
drawbacks. It was only really good for being a simple NAS share.</p><p>The proprietary operating System is actual hot garbage.</p><ul><li>the GUI is extremely slow and freezes up a lot</li><li>the built in docker containers and other special features rarely work</li><li>the Recycle bin is hot garbage and runs even when you turn it off (discovered
nothing had <strong>EVER</strong> been deleted)</li><li>the underlying linux OS somehow struggles to do basic things like deleting
files</li><li>networking sometimes just broke, ignored static IPs and would ignore DNS due
to not properly turning off ipv6</li><li>there is little to no documentation or support outside of Terramaster official
forums, which is also hot garbage.</li></ul><p>Couple years later my data has continued to grow, including my
<a href=../homelab/containers/jellyfin.md>jellyfin</a> media and other hoarding, so I
needed some space. This gave me a nice opertunity to upgrade. I have an older,
but still nice PC sitting around as a spare, so this was a good chance to
upgrade my NAS with some nice compute as well.</p><h3 class="relative group">Why TrueNAS<div id=why-truenas class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#why-truenas aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h3><p>I went with TrueNAS SCALE because it used the newer <a href=https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/releases target=_blank rel=noreferrer>ZFS2
filesystem</a> which allows for expansion
of pools. This would allow me to buy some extra drives, move over my data and
then expand using the old drive pool. SCALE also moved over to docker
containerization. Side benefit of allowing me to host some extra containers if I
want. Its also free and there is a lot of support / documentation out there. It
has come a long way from the FreeBSD days.</p><h3 class="relative group">Refurbished Drives<div id=refurbished-drives class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#refurbished-drives aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h3><p>I had some issues when getting sourcing drives. Things are still pretty
expensive atm, so I went with just getting more 6TB and expanding the pool. <em>Can
upgrade size later when the prices chill out</em>. Managed to find a good price on
refurbished 6TB drives from amazon. <strong>However</strong>; when they arrived I found that
they were all heavily used 4 years+ uptime, reused from some Datacenter
somewhere. <strong>Fucking scummy Amazon seller</strong>. To top it off, some were SAS drives
out of NETAPP appliances.</p><link rel=stylesheet href=../../css/vendors/admonitions.53cd9f8afa9d9a8ac09093f668df057bc6d0f4bbd0886f39991a7b99934a7432.css integrity="sha256-U82fivqdmorAkJP2aN8Fe8bQ9LvQiG85mRp7mZNKdDI=" crossorigin=anonymous><div class="admonition error"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 512A256 256 0 10256 0a256 256 0 100 512zM175 175c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9.0l47 47 47-47c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9.0s9.4 24.6.0 33.9l-47 47 47 47c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6.0 33.9s-24.6 9.4-33.9.0l-47-47-47 47c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9.0s-9.4-24.6.0-33.9l47-47-47-47c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6.0-33.9z"/></svg>
<span><strong>Fuck you Netapp</strong></span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>Netapp is an older <em>shit</em> brand that would lock down their drives with special
formatting that forced the customer to use only drives sourced from Netapp.
These old Netapp appliances are starting to flood the market as newer /
cheaper to run hardware is being deployed.</p></div></div><div class="admonition success"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 512A256 256 0 10256 0a256 256 0 100 512zM369 209 241 337c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9.0l-64-64c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6.0-33.9s24.6-9.4 33.9.0l47 47L335 175c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9.0s9.4 24.6.0 33.9z"/></svg>
<span>Success</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>Luckily, smart people can reformat the drives from their shit Data Integrity
Feature (DIF) format back to a normal. This is a long and time consuming process
<em>(Took DAYS)</em> as the entire drive has to be reformatted with a normal 512 chunk
size.</p></div></div><div class="admonition note"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 576 512"><path d="M0 64C0 28.7 28.7.0 64 0H224v128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h128v125.7l-86.8 86.8c-10.3 10.3-17.5 23.1-21 37.2l-18.7 74.9c-2.3 9.2-1.8 18.8 1.3 27.5L64 512c-35.3.0-64-28.7-64-64V64zm384 64H256V0L384 128zM549.8 235.7l14.4 14.4c15.6 15.6 15.6 40.9.0 56.6l-29.4 29.4-71-71 29.4-29.4c15.6-15.6 40.9-15.6 56.6.0zM311.9 417 441.1 287.8l71 71L382.9 487.9c-4.1 4.1-9.2 7-14.9 8.4l-60.1 15c-5.5 1.4-11.2-.2-15.2-4.2s-5.6-9.7-4.2-15.2l15-60.1c1.4-5.6 4.3-10.8 8.4-14.9z"/></svg>
<span>Note</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>Thank you <a href=https://reddit.com/r/truenas/comments/12w68uc/how_to_get_rid_of_data_integrity_feature_from/ target=_blank rel=noreferrer>smart guy from reddit</a> that pointed me to the <a href=https://www.truenas.com/community/threads/troubleshooting-disk-format-warnings-in-truenas-scale.106051/ target=_blank rel=noreferrer>smart guy on TrueNAS forum</a> that showed me how to fix these un-usable drives.</p><p>TrueNAS has <code>sg_format</code> built in. With this you can reformat all the drives at the <strong>same time</strong>.</p><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># formatting</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sg_format --format --size<span class=o>=</span><span class=m>512</span> /dev/sdb
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># progress</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo sg_turs --progress /dev/sdb</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><div class="admonition warning"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 32c14.2.0 27.3 7.5 34.5 19.8l216 368c7.3 12.4 7.3 27.7.2 40.1S486.3 480 472 480H40c-14.3.0-27.6-7.7-34.7-20.1s-7-27.8.2-40.1l216-368C228.7 39.5 241.8 32 256 32zm0 128c-13.3.0-24 10.7-24 24v112c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24s24-10.7 24-24V184c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24zm32 224a32 32 0 10-64 0 32 32 0 1064 0z"/></svg>
<span>Warning</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>This still took multiple days with a 6TB drive :(</p></div></div><h3 class="relative group">Safely copying files<div id=safely-copying-files class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#safely-copying-files aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h3><p>One problem I ran into was; how do I make sure everything is copied over safely from one pool to another? I could drag and drop folders, but that would have taken months and risked missing data. Best bet was to use <code>rsync</code> <em>(which is also the fastest way to transfer)</em>. <code>rsync</code> has the added benefit of using checksum checking to verify all data is safely transferred with no errors. Luckily both systems were on linux, which made this easier.</p><div class="admonition note"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 576 512"><path d="M0 64C0 28.7 28.7.0 64 0H224v128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h128v125.7l-86.8 86.8c-10.3 10.3-17.5 23.1-21 37.2l-18.7 74.9c-2.3 9.2-1.8 18.8 1.3 27.5L64 512c-35.3.0-64-28.7-64-64V64zm384 64H256V0L384 128zM549.8 235.7l14.4 14.4c15.6 15.6 15.6 40.9.0 56.6l-29.4 29.4-71-71 29.4-29.4c15.6-15.6 40.9-15.6 56.6.0zM311.9 417 441.1 287.8l71 71L382.9 487.9c-4.1 4.1-9.2 7-14.9 8.4l-60.1 15c-5.5 1.4-11.2-.2-15.2-4.2s-5.6-9.7-4.2-15.2l15-60.1c1.4-5.6 4.3-10.8 8.4-14.9z"/></svg>
<span>Note</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>I started by doing this after logging into my old Terramaster NAS and performing the <code>rsync</code> operation from there. This was a bad idea and too longer, because the OS is slow and CPU can not handle handling all this plus 10GB networking at once. If you do this, do this from a system with a decent CPU.</p></div></div><ul><li>Mount your systems together via the device with the best CPU</li></ul><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1>#mount in fstab</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># &lt;file system&gt; &lt;dir&gt; &lt;type&gt; &lt;options&gt; &lt;dump&gt; &lt;pass&gt;</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>nas:/mnt/md0/VODS /mnt/tnas/vods nfs defaults <span class=m>0</span> <span class=m>0</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div><ul><li>Run <code>rsync</code> in the shell and move your folders using recursive options</li></ul><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># Coping folders recursively with Progress &amp; Stats</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>sudo rsync -avh -A --no-perms --progress --stats /mnt/tnas/store/Backups/ /mnt/store/vault/Backups/ <span class=p>&amp;</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div><div class="admonition note"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 576 512"><path d="M0 64C0 28.7 28.7.0 64 0H224v128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h128v125.7l-86.8 86.8c-10.3 10.3-17.5 23.1-21 37.2l-18.7 74.9c-2.3 9.2-1.8 18.8 1.3 27.5L64 512c-35.3.0-64-28.7-64-64V64zm384 64H256V0L384 128zM549.8 235.7l14.4 14.4c15.6 15.6 15.6 40.9.0 56.6l-29.4 29.4-71-71 29.4-29.4c15.6-15.6 40.9-15.6 56.6.0zM311.9 417 441.1 287.8l71 71L382.9 487.9c-4.1 4.1-9.2 7-14.9 8.4l-60.1 15c-5.5 1.4-11.2-.2-15.2-4.2s-5.6-9.7-4.2-15.2l15-60.1c1.4-5.6 4.3-10.8 8.4-14.9z"/></svg>
<span>Note</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p><code>rsync</code> keeps logs and will run faster the next time around. Recommend running it a few times to add a extra verification that all your files have transferred.</p></div></div><div class="admonition note"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 576 512"><path d="M0 64C0 28.7 28.7.0 64 0H224v128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h128v125.7l-86.8 86.8c-10.3 10.3-17.5 23.1-21 37.2l-18.7 74.9c-2.3 9.2-1.8 18.8 1.3 27.5L64 512c-35.3.0-64-28.7-64-64V64zm384 64H256V0L384 128zM549.8 235.7l14.4 14.4c15.6 15.6 15.6 40.9.0 56.6l-29.4 29.4-71-71 29.4-29.4c15.6-15.6 40.9-15.6 56.6.0zM311.9 417 441.1 287.8l71 71L382.9 487.9c-4.1 4.1-9.2 7-14.9 8.4l-60.1 15c-5.5 1.4-11.2-.2-15.2-4.2s-5.6-9.7-4.2-15.2l15-60.1c1.4-5.6 4.3-10.8 8.4-14.9z"/></svg>
<span>Note</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>You can use <code>--progress --stats</code> and the <code>&</code> operator to send the job to the background. This will alow you to bring the job to the foreground whenever you want to check on progress. This is super useful when transferring terabytes of data.</p></div></div><div class="admonition note"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 576 512"><path d="M0 64C0 28.7 28.7.0 64 0H224v128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h128v125.7l-86.8 86.8c-10.3 10.3-17.5 23.1-21 37.2l-18.7 74.9c-2.3 9.2-1.8 18.8 1.3 27.5L64 512c-35.3.0-64-28.7-64-64V64zm384 64H256V0L384 128zM549.8 235.7l14.4 14.4c15.6 15.6 15.6 40.9.0 56.6l-29.4 29.4-71-71 29.4-29.4c15.6-15.6 40.9-15.6 56.6.0zM311.9 417 441.1 287.8l71 71L382.9 487.9c-4.1 4.1-9.2 7-14.9 8.4l-60.1 15c-5.5 1.4-11.2-.2-15.2-4.2s-5.6-9.7-4.2-15.2l15-60.1c1.4-5.6 4.3-10.8 8.4-14.9z"/></svg>
<span>Note</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>If doing this from TrueNAS, might be better to set this up as a one time cronjob. TrueNAS might kill this job if you lose connection to the shell while transferring.</p><ul><li>add the job using the user interface <em>(do not enable the job)</em></li></ul><p><figure><img class="my-0 rounded-md" loading=lazy decoding=async fetchpriority=auto alt="adding a cron job" width=1677 height=681 src=../../projects/nas/creating_a_cronjob_with_truenas_hu_51b5dbf0d2c34288.png srcset="../../projects/nas/creating_a_cronjob_with_truenas_hu_51b5dbf0d2c34288.png 800w, ../../projects/nas/creating_a_cronjob_with_truenas_hu_618deb92057f058a.png 1280w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw" data-zoom-src=../../projects/nas/creating_a_cronjob_with_truenas.png></figure></p><ul><li>run the job when you are ready to move files</li></ul><p><figure><img class="my-0 rounded-md" loading=lazy decoding=async fetchpriority=auto alt="running a cron job" width=1288 height=423 src=../../projects/nas/running_cron_job_hu_81e17926592fc756.png srcset="../../projects/nas/running_cron_job_hu_81e17926592fc756.png 800w, ../../projects/nas/running_cron_job_hu_31352cabefb72187.png 1280w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw" data-zoom-src=../../projects/nas/running_cron_job.png></figure></p></div></div><h3 class="relative group">How to connect to a NAS<div id=how-to-connect-to-a-nas class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#how-to-connect-to-a-nas aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h3><h4 class="relative group">CIFS<div id=cifs class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#cifs aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h4><p>Common Internet File System (CIFS) is a network file sharing protocol that
allows applications on computers to read and write files and request other
services from remote servers. Think of it as a way for your computer to talk to
another computer (or storage device) to access files. It&rsquo;s most commonly
associated with Windows environments, but it&rsquo;s used by other operating systems
as well. It is relatively secure, requiring username / password login to remote
systems.</p><div class="admonition note"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 576 512"><path d="M0 64C0 28.7 28.7.0 64 0H224v128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h128v125.7l-86.8 86.8c-10.3 10.3-17.5 23.1-21 37.2l-18.7 74.9c-2.3 9.2-1.8 18.8 1.3 27.5L64 512c-35.3.0-64-28.7-64-64V64zm384 64H256V0L384 128zM549.8 235.7l14.4 14.4c15.6 15.6 15.6 40.9.0 56.6l-29.4 29.4-71-71 29.4-29.4c15.6-15.6 40.9-15.6 56.6.0zM311.9 417 441.1 287.8l71 71L382.9 487.9c-4.1 4.1-9.2 7-14.9 8.4l-60.1 15c-5.5 1.4-11.2-.2-15.2-4.2s-5.6-9.7-4.2-15.2l15-60.1c1.4-5.6 4.3-10.8 8.4-14.9z"/></svg>
<span>Note</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>You might need this if you want to connect a Windows machine to one
running linux like a common NAS <em>(my use case)</em>.</p></div></div><p>One example of a use case is a jellyfin container that needs persistent data
access for media (movies / tv shows) served from your nas. This will need this
to be mounted to the OS docker is running on and pass this through with the
volumes option in your docker compose file.</p><p><strong>To add CIFS to Linux</strong></p><p>For this you will also need the <code>keyutils</code> & <code>cifs-utils</code> packages. The <code>keyutils</code>
package is a library and a set of utilities for accessing the kernel keyring
facility. <code>cifs-utils</code> package provides a means for mounting SMB/CIFS shares on a
Linux system.</p><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>apt-get install keyutils <span class=o>&amp;&amp;</span> apt install cifs-utils -y</span></span></code></pre></div></div><p>Then we will need to mount the remote storage via fstab so that it will
automatically mount to the OS every time the os boots.</p><ul><li>create a file in your home directory &ldquo;~/.smb&rdquo;</li></ul><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>vim ~/.smb</span></span></code></pre></div></div><div class="admonition info"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 512A256 256 0 10256 0a256 256 0 100 512zM216 336h24v-64h-24c-13.3.0-24-10.7-24-24s10.7-24 24-24h48c13.3.0 24 10.7 24 24v88h8c13.3.0 24 10.7 24 24s-10.7 24-24 24h-80c-13.3.0-24-10.7-24-24s10.7-24 24-24zm40-208a32 32 0 110 64 32 32 0 110-64z"/></svg>
<span>Info</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>The file should contain your NAS credentials <em>(domain optional/depends
on your nas settings)</em></p><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>username</span><span class=o>=</span>NAS_USERNAME
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>password</span><span class=o>=</span>NAS_PASSWORD
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nv>domain</span><span class=o>=</span>NAS_DOMAIN_GROUP </span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><ul><li>Create an entry in the fstab</li></ul><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>vim /etc/fstab</span></span></code></pre></div></div><ul><li>Add an entry to the bottom line of the file</li></ul><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># //{Nas_IP/Hostname}/{Nas_Mount_Point} /mnt/{mount_name_on_docker_os} cifs credentials=/[path_to_credentials].smb,x-systemd.automount 0 0</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># Example:</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>//nas.home/store /mnt/store cifs <span class=nv>credentials</span><span class=o>=</span>/home/wompmacho/.smb,x-systemd.automount <span class=m>0</span> <span class=m>0</span></span></span></code></pre></div></div><ul><li>Save your file and re-mount all</li></ul><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>mount -a</span></span></code></pre></div></div><ul><li>make sure your mount section of your docker compose matches the
<code>mount_name_on_docker_os</code> and reboot your system</li></ul><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=c1># example:</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> volumes:
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> - /app/jellyfin/config:/config
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl> - /mnt/store:/data/store</span></span></code></pre></div></div><div class="admonition success"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 512A256 256 0 10256 0a256 256 0 100 512zM369 209 241 337c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9.0l-64-64c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6.0-33.9s24.6-9.4 33.9.0l47 47L335 175c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9.0s9.4 24.6.0 33.9z"/></svg>
<span>Success</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>You can check that they are mounted by navigating to where you mounted the files</p><div class=highlight-wrapper><div class=highlight><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-bash data-lang=bash><span class=line><span class=cl>wompmacho@docker:~$ <span class=nb>cd</span> /mnt/store/MediaServer/
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>Movies/ Music/ Torrent/ Tv Shows/</span></span></code></pre></div></div></div></div><h4 class="relative group">NFS<div id=nfs class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#nfs aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h4><p>NFS (Network File System) is a distributed file system protocol that allows users to access files and directories over a network as if they were located on their local computer. It&rsquo;s a way for your computer to talk to another computer (or storage device) to access files, similar to CIFS, but more commonly used in Unix/Linux environments.</p><div class="admonition warning"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 32c14.2.0 27.3 7.5 34.5 19.8l216 368c7.3 12.4 7.3 27.7.2 40.1S486.3 480 472 480H40c-14.3.0-27.6-7.7-34.7-20.1s-7-27.8.2-40.1l216-368C228.7 39.5 241.8 32 256 32zm0 128c-13.3.0-24 10.7-24 24v112c0 13.3 10.7 24 24 24s24-10.7 24-24V184c0-13.3-10.7-24-24-24zm32 224a32 32 0 10-64 0 32 32 0 1064 0z"/></svg>
<span>Warning</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>There is <code>NO SECURITY</code> on NFS. It uses existing ACL groups to manage permissions. Only use this on a local network and for trusted devices.</p></div></div><div class="admonition success"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 512A256 256 0 10256 0a256 256 0 100 512zM369 209 241 337c-9.4 9.4-24.6 9.4-33.9.0l-64-64c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6.0-33.9s24.6-9.4 33.9.0l47 47L335 175c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9.0s9.4 24.6.0 33.9z"/></svg>
<span>Success</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>On TrueNAS you can limit access to on IP address or limit within your local domain.</p><p><figure><img class="my-0 rounded-md" loading=lazy decoding=async fetchpriority=auto alt="alt text" width=1076 height=857 src=../../projects/nas/truenas_nfs_limit_to_local_network_hu_91b02d52bd853f28.png srcset="../../projects/nas/truenas_nfs_limit_to_local_network_hu_91b02d52bd853f28.png 800w, ../../projects/nas/truenas_nfs_limit_to_local_network.png 1280w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw" data-zoom-src=../../projects/nas/truenas_nfs_limit_to_local_network.png></figure></p></div></div><div class="admonition info"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512"><path d="M256 512A256 256 0 10256 0a256 256 0 100 512zM216 336h24v-64h-24c-13.3.0-24-10.7-24-24s10.7-24 24-24h48c13.3.0 24 10.7 24 24v88h8c13.3.0 24 10.7 24 24s-10.7 24-24 24h-80c-13.3.0-24-10.7-24-24s10.7-24 24-24zm40-208a32 32 0 110 64 32 32 0 110-64z"/></svg>
<span>Info</span></div><div class=admonition-content><p>One thing to consider when working with TrueNas:</p><ul><li>When creating the initial dataset in your pool, set the zfs <strong>aclmode</strong> on the dataset in question to <code>passthrough</code>.</li><li>Special thanks to <code>anodos</code> you solved am issue plaguing me &ndash;> <a href=https://www.truenas.com/community/threads/cannot-chmod-nfs-operation-not-permitted.97247/ target=_blank rel=noreferrer>Truenas Forum</a></li></ul></div></div><hr><h4 class="relative group">SMB<div id=smb class=anchor></div><span class="absolute top-0 w-6 transition-opacity opacity-0 -start-6 not-prose group-hover:opacity-100 select-none"><a class="text-primary-300 dark:text-neutral-700 !no-underline" href=#smb aria-label=Anchor>#</a></span></h4><p>Server Message Block (SMB) is a network communication protocol that allows computers to share files, printers, and other resources with each other. It&rsquo;s the foundation of file sharing in <strong>Windows</strong> environments, but it&rsquo;s also used by other operating systems like macOS and Linux.</p><p><strong>To connect to a SMB share on Windows:</strong></p><ul><li>Right Click to add a <code>Network Location</code></li></ul><p><figure><img class="my-0 rounded-md" loading=lazy decoding=async fetchpriority=auto alt="adding a network location" width=1193 height=478 src=../../projects/nas/adding_smb_windows_hu_1770d3cb42fccbe6.png srcset="../../projects/nas/adding_smb_windows_hu_1770d3cb42fccbe6.png 800w, ../../projects/nas/adding_smb_windows.png 1280w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw" data-zoom-src=../../projects/nas/adding_smb_windows.png></figure></p><ul><li>Use the IP address or hostname of the NAS and the share path provided to your folder access</li></ul><p><figure><img class="my-0 rounded-md" loading=lazy decoding=async fetchpriority=auto alt="selecting the network path for smb" width=914 height=506 src=../../projects/nas/selecting_network_path_for_smb_hu_43bbdf15c29d1371.png srcset="../../projects/nas/selecting_network_path_for_smb_hu_43bbdf15c29d1371.png 800w, ../../projects/nas/selecting_network_path_for_smb.png 1280w" sizes="(min-width: 768px) 50vw, 65vw" data-zoom-src=../../projects/nas/selecting_network_path_for_smb.png></figure></p><div class="admonition note"><div class=admonition-header><svg viewBox="0 0 576 512"><path d="M0 64C0 28.7 28.7.0 64 0H224v128c0 17.7 14.3 32 32 32h128v125.7l-86.8 86.8c-10.3 10.3-17.5 23.1-21 37.2l-18.7 74.9c-2.3 9.2-1.8 18.8 1.3 27.5L64 512c-35.3.0-64-28.7-64-64V64zm384 64H256V0L384 128zM549.8 235.7l14.4 14.4c15.6 15.6 15.6 40.9.0 56.6l-29.4 29.4-71-71 29.4-29.4c15.6-15.6 40.9-15.6 56.6.0zM311.9 417 441.1 287.8l71 71L382.9 487.9c-4.1 4.1-9.2 7-14.9 8.4l-60.1 15c-5.5 1.4-11.2-.2-15.2-4.2s-5.6-9.7-4.2-15.2l15-60.1c1.4-5.6 4.3-10.8 8.4-14.9z"/></svg>
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